Fig. 1
From: Engineered live bacteria as disease detection and diagnosis tools
Components of Bacterial whole-cell biosensors (BWCBs) as diagnostic tools. A BWCBs receive inputs in the form of biomarkers, chemical signals (including host-produced metabolites and synthetic compounds), and environmental signals (including temperature, pH, and oxygen level). B They process input signal(s) using rewired signaling pathways, engineered cell–cell signaling circuits for population-scale sensing, and synthetic sensing circuits. C Finally, BWCBs produce reporter outputs such as colorimetric, fluorescent, or bioluminescent signals, current, or medical imaging (e.g., CT) contrast agents