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Fig. 7 | Journal of Biological Engineering

Fig. 7

From: Stabilizing milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs) through lyophilization: a novel trehalose and tryptophan formulation for maintaining structure and Bioactivity during long-term storage

Fig. 7

(a) TEM images and (b) NTA particle distribution (mean, mode, STDEV) of mEVs stored in 50mM TH + 100µM of amino acid (c) ECIS assay of bioactivity (n = 3) for lyophilized mEVs in 50mM TH and titrated amino acid solutions. Each well is normalized to amino-acid-only wells. Multiple T tests with Bonferroni Correction (α = 0.05) reveals 10µM and 1mM alanine samples were both statistically differed from 1mM lysine (p = 0.0002, 0.0003) and 100µM Tryptophan (p = 0.0002, 0.0002). Comparing all amino acid supplemented groups to fresh and 50mM TH groups via ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey, we find that only 50mM TH + 100µM Tryptophan had significantly improved bioactivity compared to fresh (p = 0.0413) and 50mM TH (p = 0.0386) (*); all other groups equally performed to fresh and 50mM TH or underperformed (Underperformed fresh mEVs, ^; underperformed 50mM TH lyophilized, ◆) (d) DSC thermal stability of mEV powders, error bars represent standard error associated with calibration

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Journal of Biological Engineering

ISSN: 1754-1611